1. Part of emission control system. A lot of folks remove this stuff, then make and attach a block off plate to the opening. There are part suppliers that sell these plates, but they are easy enough to make.
2. Vacuum ports are there to operate fuel petcock/pump, and the ACV/anti backfire valve on the right side of carb. Some manifolds have just one nipple....doesn't matter either way, just cap off unused ones.
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